KPI |
2023 - Romania |
Weight |
Best |
Worst |
Aspirational value |
Current Value |
Institutional environment
Rank 70 / Score 44.36 |
Operational stability for businesses |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
4.00 |
0.40 |
Worst: Lebanon 4.00 Best: Singapore 0.40
55.56% |
2Value: 2
|
Government effectiveness |
Initial Value: 1
|
2.29 |
-1.33 |
Worst: Burundi -1.33 Best: Singapore 2.29
33.16% |
-0.13Value: -0.12963785
|
Regulatory environment
Rank 33 / Score 75.45 |
Regulatory quality |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
2.23 |
-1.62 |
Worst: Iran, Islamic Rep. -1.62 Best: Singapore 2.23
50.1% |
0.31Value: 0.30902037
|
Rule of law |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
2.06 |
-1.36 |
Worst: Nicaragua -1.36 Best: Finland 2.06
51.69% |
0.41Value: 0.40766469
|
Cost of redundancy dismissal |
Initial Value: 1
|
58.50 |
8.00 |
Worst: Sri Lanka 58.50 Best: Austria 8.00
100% |
8Value: 8
|
Business Environment
Rank 115 / Score 22.93 |
Policies for doing business |
Initial Value: 1
|
6.42 |
1.67 |
Worst: Argentina 1.67 Best: Switzerland 6.42
32.15% |
3.2Value: 3.1972977518
|
Entrepreneurship policies and culture |
Initial Value: 1
|
6.72 |
3.22 |
Worst: Mozambique 3.22 Best: United Arab Emirates 6.72
13.58% |
3.7Value: 3.6953571429
|
Education
Rank 77 / Score 46.76 |
Expenditure on education |
Initial Value: 1
|
9.52 |
1.67 |
Worst: Cambodia 1.67 Best: Namibia 9.52
24.16% |
3.57Value: 3.5669500828
|
Government funding per secondary student |
Initial Value: 1
|
51.06 |
5.41 |
Worst: Guatemala 5.41 Best: Tunisia 51.06
31.95% |
19.99Value: 19.992950439
|
School life expectancy |
Initial Value: 1
|
21.05 |
6.41 |
Worst: Niger 6.41 Best: Australia 21.05
53.64% |
14.26Value: 14.262229919
|
PISA scales in reading, math and science |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
579.03 |
334.12 |
Worst: Dominican Republic 334.12 Best: China 579.03
38.25% |
427.79Value: 427.79373334
|
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
45.18 |
6.11 |
Worst: Mozambique 45.18 Best: Croatia 6.11
85.8% |
11.66Value: 11.658535399
|
Tertiary Education
Rank 44 / Score 35.81 |
Tertiary enrolment |
Initial Value: 1
|
150.88 |
4.37 |
Worst: Niger 4.37 Best: Greece 150.88
33.35% |
53.23Value: 53.230838776
|
Graduates in Science and engineering |
Initial Value: 1
|
43.53 |
8.92 |
Worst: Namibia 8.92 Best: Malaysia 43.53
58.28% |
29.09Value: 29.091662765
|
Tertiary inbound mobility |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
70.27 |
0.10 |
Worst: Indonesia 0.10 Best: United Arab Emirates 70.27
8.4% |
5.99Value: 5.9930200577
|
Research and Development
Rank 77 / Score 4.64 |
Researchers FTE |
Initial Value: 1
|
9640.25 |
13.92 |
Worst: Guatemala 13.92 Best: Sweden 9640.25
10.2% |
995.38Value: 995.38258719
|
Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) |
Initial Value: 1
|
5.56 |
0.01 |
Worst: Mauritania 0.01 Best: Israel 5.56
8.38% |
0.48Value: 0.47521012661
|
Global RnD companies, average expenditure, top 3 |
Initial Value: 1
|
28099.99 |
0.00 |
Worst: Albania 0.00 Best: United States 28099.99
0% |
0Value: 0
|
QS university ranking average score of top 3 universities |
Initial Value: 1
|
98.70 |
0.00 |
Worst: Albania 0.00 Best: United States 98.70
0% |
0Value: 0
|
ICTs
Rank 53 / Score 73.98 |
ICT access |
Initial Value: 1
|
9.98 |
3.39 |
Worst: Niger 3.39 Best: Singapore 9.98
86.01% |
9.06Value: 9.0579831397
|
ICT use |
Initial Value: 1
|
8.89 |
0.48 |
Worst: Burundi 0.48 Best: Switzerland 8.89
83.49% |
7.5Value: 7.501604998
|
Government online service |
Initial Value: 1
|
1.00 |
0.10 |
Worst: Mauritania 0.10 Best: Estonia 1.00
64.6% |
0.68Value: 0.6814
|
online e-participation |
Initial Value: 1
|
1.00 |
0.02 |
Worst: Mauritania 0.02 Best: Japan 1.00
61.73% |
0.62Value: 0.625
|
General Infrastructure
Rank 52 / Score 30.55 |
Electricity output |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
52600.54 |
26.44 |
Worst: Niger 26.44 Best: Iceland 52600.54
5.81% |
3082.92Value: 3082.9191734
|
Logistics performance |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
4.30 |
2.10 |
Worst: Angola 2.10 Best: Singapore 4.30
50% |
3.2Value: 3.2
|
Gross capital formation |
Initial Value: 1
|
73.06 |
11.85 |
Worst: Egypt 11.85 Best: Mozambique 73.06
26.04% |
27.79Value: 27.789
|
Ecological sustainability
Rank 6 / Score 58.92 |
GDP per unit of energy use |
Initial Value: 1
|
36.34 |
2.16 |
Worst: Trinidad and Tobago 2.16 Best: Ireland 36.34
39.57% |
15.68Value: 15.684
|
Environmental performance |
Initial Value: 1
|
77.90 |
18.90 |
Worst: India 18.90 Best: Denmark 77.90
62.88% |
56Value: 56
|
ISO 14001 environmental certificates |
Initial Value: 1
|
12.73 |
0.06 |
Worst: Ethiopia 0.06 Best: Bulgaria 12.73
74.33% |
9.48Value: 9.4776984048
|
Credit
Rank 68 / Score 28.39 |
Finance for startups and scaleups |
Initial Value: 1
|
6.90 |
2.23 |
Worst: Mozambique 2.23 Best: Finland 6.90
39.35% |
4.07Value: 4.0675
|
Domestic credit to private sector |
Initial Value: 1
|
258.91 |
5.42 |
Worst: Zimbabwe 5.42 Best: Hong Kong SAR 258.91
8.03% |
25.78Value: 25.77886731
|
Loans from microfinance institutions, % GDP |
Initial Value: 1
|
28.71 |
0.00 |
Worst: Iceland 0.00 Best: Cambodia 28.71
11.25% |
3.23Value: 3.2312735089
|
Investment
Rank 98 / Score 2.5 |
Venture capital received, value, % GDP |
Initial Value: 1
|
0.02 |
0.00 |
Worst: Burkina Faso 0.00 Best: Estonia 0.02
0.4% |
0Value: 0.00007951889458
|
Market capitalization |
Initial Value: 1
|
1394.19 |
0.23 |
Worst: Algeria 0.23 Best: Hong Kong SAR 1394.19
0.68% |
9.71Value: 9.70743584
|
Venture capital investors, deals |
Initial Value: 1
|
2.20 |
0.00 |
Worst: Kazakhstan 0.00 Best: Mauritius 2.20
1.27% |
0.03Value: 0.027955828119
|
Venture capital recipients, deals |
Initial Value: 1
|
0.90 |
0.00 |
Worst: Algeria 0.00 Best: Singapore 0.90
1.76% |
0.02Value: 0.015843909947
|
Trade, competition, and market scale
Rank 25 / Score 67.51 |
Applied tariff rate, weighted average |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
15.46 |
0.00 |
Worst: Cameroon 15.46 Best: Hong Kong SAR 0.00
90.43% |
1.48Value: 1.48
|
Domestic industry diversification |
Initial Value: 1
|
0.80 |
0.08 |
Worst: Burundi 0.80 Best: Portugal 0.08
96.47% |
0.11Value: 0.105384575
|
Domestic market scale |
Initial Value: 1
|
30074.38 |
4.82 |
Worst: Cape Verde 4.82 Best: China 30074.38
2.42% |
731.47Value: 731.466
|
Knowledge workers
Rank 59 / Score 35.63 |
Knowledge-intensive employment |
Initial Value: 1
|
64.13 |
2.75 |
Worst: Burundi 2.75 Best: Luxembourg 64.13
41.54% |
28.24Value: 28.244411708
|
Firms offering formal training |
Initial Value: 1
|
73.70 |
7.70 |
Worst: Indonesia 7.70 Best: Ecuador 73.70
19.39% |
20.5Value: 20.5
|
GERD performed by business enterprise |
Initial Value: 1
|
5.06 |
0.00 |
Worst: Panama 0.00 Best: Israel 5.06
5.68% |
0.29Value: 0.28722259126
|
GERD financed by business enterprise |
Initial Value: 1
|
80.84 |
0.00 |
Worst: Brunei Darussalam 0.00 Best: Thailand 80.84
68.8% |
55.62Value: 55.617037241
|
Females employed with advanced degrees |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
30.79 |
0.15 |
Worst: Tanzania 0.15 Best: Lithuania 30.79
42.76% |
13.25Value: 13.25042244
|
Innovation linkage
Rank 86 / Score 17.86 |
University/industry research collaboration |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
5.63 |
2.25 |
Worst: Angola 2.25 Best: Israel 5.63
38.17% |
3.54Value: 3.5400656475
|
State of cluster development |
Initial Value: 1
|
5.56 |
2.72 |
Worst: Burkina Faso 2.72 Best: United States 5.56
38.09% |
3.8Value: 3.8016935468
|
GERD financed by abroad |
Initial Value: 1
|
2.86 |
0.00 |
Worst: Azerbaijan 0.00 Best: Israel 2.86
1.79% |
0.05Value: 0.051073812611
|
Joint venture/strategic alliance deals |
Initial Value: 1
|
0.34 |
0.00 |
Worst: Iran, Islamic Rep. 0.00 Best: Malta 0.34
3.29% |
0.01Value: 0.01119914192
|
Patent families filed in two offices |
Initial Value: 1
|
12.97 |
0.00 |
Worst: Angola 0.00 Best: Japan 12.97
0.32% |
0.04Value: 0.041213727798
|
Knowledge absorption
Rank 37 / Score 42.68 |
Intellectual property payments |
Initial Value: 1
|
20.42 |
0.00 |
Worst: Armenia 0.00 Best: Ireland 20.42
4.28% |
0.87Value: 0.87420388141
|
High tech imports |
Initial Value: 1
|
59.14 |
1.69 |
Worst: Luxembourg 1.69 Best: Hong Kong SAR 59.14
14.59% |
10.07Value: 10.073772538
|
ICT services imports |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
13.89 |
0.02 |
Worst: Paraguay 0.02 Best: Cyprus 13.89
20.91% |
2.92Value: 2.9202742987
|
Foreign direct investment net inflows |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
60.98 |
-13.20 |
Worst: Netherlands -13.20 Best: Hungary 60.98
21.61% |
2.83Value: 2.8330913191
|
Research talent in business enterprise |
Initial Value: 1
|
82.94 |
0.30 |
Worst: Mozambique 0.30 Best: Korea, Rep. 82.94
39.74% |
33.14Value: 33.144979857
|
knowledge creation
Rank 68 / Score 13.52 |
Patent applications by origin |
Initial Value: 1
|
73.99 |
0.00 |
Worst: Honduras 0.00 Best: Korea, Rep. 73.99
1.67% |
1.23Value: 1.2322849448
|
PCT applications by origin |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
8.24 |
0.00 |
Worst: Angola 0.00 Best: Japan 8.24
0.68% |
0.06Value: 0.056051819223
|
Utility models by origin |
Initial Value: 1
|
104.56 |
0.00 |
Worst: Benin 0.00 Best: China 104.56
0.07% |
0.08Value: 0.076730071282
|
Scientific and technical publications |
Initial Value: 1
|
50.79 |
0.58 |
Worst: Angola 0.58 Best: Iceland 50.79
26% |
13.63Value: 13.632896129
|
Citable documents H index |
Initial Value: 1
|
2898.00 |
43.00 |
Worst: Cape Verde 43.00 Best: United States 2898.00
12.43% |
398Value: 398
|
Knowledge Impact
Rank 31 / Score 39.62 |
Labor productivity growth |
Initial Value: 1
|
6.02 |
-4.86 |
Worst: Lebanon -4.86 Best: China 6.02
75.14% |
3.32Value: 3.3150142502
|
Unicorn valuation |
Initial Value: 1
|
23.84 |
0.00 |
Worst: Albania 0.00 Best: Estonia 23.84
0% |
0Value: 0
|
Total computer software spending |
Initial Value: 1
|
1.05 |
0.01 |
Worst: Ethiopia 0.01 Best: United States 1.05
28.36% |
0.3Value: 0.30493090243
|
High-tech manufacturing |
Initial Value: 1
|
78.53 |
1.85 |
Worst: Kyrgyz Republic 1.85 Best: Singapore 78.53
54.64% |
43.75Value: 43.75088706
|
Knowledge diffusion
Rank 21 / Score 46.9 |
IP receipts |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
6.48 |
0.00 |
Worst: Armenia 0.00 Best: Netherlands 6.48
1.59% |
0.1Value: 0.10324750198
|
High Tech exports |
Initial Value: 1
|
44.66 |
0.01 |
Worst: Cape Verde 0.01 Best: Malaysia 44.66
14.48% |
6.48Value: 6.4768690121
|
ICT services export |
Initial Value: 1
|
35.21 |
0.01 |
Worst: Benin 0.01 Best: Ireland 35.21
18.93% |
6.67Value: 6.671912102
|
ISO 9001 quality/bn PPP$ GDP |
Initial Value: 1
|
37.40 |
0.10 |
Worst: Tajikistan 0.10 Best: Bulgaria 37.40
48.68% |
18.26Value: 18.258687762
|
Production and export complexity |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
2.27 |
-2.51 |
Worst: Angola -2.51 Best: Japan 2.27
79.16% |
1.27Value: 1.273679
|
Intangible Assets
Rank 62 / Score 32.42 |
Intangible asset intensity, top 15, % |
Initial Value: 1
|
93.40 |
-181.36 |
Worst: Montenegro -181.36 Best: United States 93.40
84.09% |
49.68Value: 49.679111884
|
Trademark application class count by origin |
Initial Value: 1
|
445.16 |
1.43 |
Worst: Niger 1.43 Best: Mongolia 445.16
8.31% |
38.3Value: 38.29904778
|
Industrial design by origin |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
32.41 |
0.00 |
Worst: Brunei Darussalam 0.00 Best: Mongolia 32.41
3.42% |
1.11Value: 1.1079822293
|
Global brand value, top 5,000 |
Initial Value: 1
|
27.56 |
0.00 |
Worst: Albania 0.00 Best: Hong Kong SAR 27.56
5.28% |
1.45Value: 1.4541576525
|
Creative Goods
Rank 57 / Score 15.53 |
Cultural and creative services exports |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
14.25 |
0.00 |
Worst: Benin 0.00 Best: Malta 14.25
12.56% |
1.79Value: 1.7897817939
|
National feature films produced |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
37.91 |
0.05 |
Worst: Pakistan 0.05 Best: Iceland 37.91
3.32% |
1.31Value: 1.3063087565
|
Entertainment and media market |
Initial Value: 0.5
|
3.50 |
0.02 |
Worst: Pakistan 0.02 Best: United States 3.50
7.78% |
0.29Value: 0.29063104851
|
Creative goods exports |
Initial Value: 1
|
12.71 |
0.00 |
Worst: Mauritania 0.00 Best: Hong Kong SAR 12.71
6.6% |
0.84Value: 0.83878414696
|
Online creativity
Rank 45 / Score 27.28 |
Generic TLD |
Initial Value: 1
|
423.69 |
0.05 |
Worst: Uzbekistan 0.05 Best: United States 423.69
3.52% |
14.98Value: 14.982718848
|
Country code TLD |
Initial Value: 1
|
2701.89 |
0.03 |
Worst: Ethiopia 0.03 Best: Montenegro 2701.89
1.72% |
46.54Value: 46.541273573
|
GitHub commits/mn pop. 15–69 |
Initial Value: 1
|
18874723.79 |
2364.30 |
Worst: Niger 2364.30 Best: Hong Kong SAR 18874723.79
5.91% |
1117183.35Value: 1117183.3543
|
Mobile apps creation |
Initial Value: 1
|
77113978.63 |
0.04 |
Worst: Madagascar 0.04 Best: Cyprus 77113978.63
0.47% |
365469.5Value: 365469.50349
|